Icyondo cy’imyanda ni imwe mu nkomoko y’umwanda mu nganda za peteroli na gaze.Mu rwego rwo gukumira umwanda w’ibidukikije uterwa n’ibyondo byo gucukura imyanda, bigomba kuvurwa.Ukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura no gusohora, hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo gutunganya imyanda mu gihugu no hanze yacyo.Gutunganya bikomeye ni bumwe mu buryo bukoreshwa cyane, cyane cyane bubera ibyondo bidakwiriye guhingwa.
1. Gukomera ibyondo byo gucukura imyanda
Kuvura bikomeye ni ugushira muburyo bukwiye bwo gukiza imiti mu cyondo cyo kurwanya imyanda irwanya imyanda, kuyivanga neza ukurikije ibisabwa bya tekiniki, hanyuma ugahindura ibice byangiza mo ibintu bidahumanya binyuze mumihindagurikire yumubiri na chimique mugihe runaka.
Uburyo bwo kubara ibyondo: igiteranyo cyibyiciro bikomeye nyuma yo gutandukanya-amazi akomeye gutandukanya sima ya sima na desander, desilter, ibyondo byanduye biva muri centrifuge, na grit bisohoka muri tank ya grit.
2. Ikoranabuhanga rya MTC
Guhindura ibyondo mubutaka bwa sima, mu magambo ahinnye nka tekinoroji ya MTC (Mud To Cement), nubuhanga bwa sima bwa mbere ku isi.Slag MTC bivuga kongeramo amazi azimya itanura rya plage, activate, dispersant hamwe nabandi bashinzwe kuvura mumashanyarazi kugirango bahindure ibishishwa bya sima.Iri koranabuhanga rigabanya ikiguzi cyo gutunganya imyanda kandi kigabanya igiciro cya sima.
3. Gutandukanya imiti ikomeye-itandukanijwe
Uburyo bwa chimique bwongerewe imbaraga muburyo bwo gutandukanya ibintu mbere na mbere bukora imiti igabanya ubukana hamwe na flokculasiyasi kumyanda yo gucukura imyanda, ishimangira ubushobozi bwo gutandukanya imashini ikomeye-itandukanya, kandi igahindura ibice byangiza mumyanda yimyanda mubintu bitangiza cyangwa bitagira ingaruka cyangwa bikagabanya umuvuduko wacyo. mugihe cyo guhagarika imiti no kuvura flocculation.Noneho, imyanda itajegajega kandi ihindagurika ibyondo bijugunywa mumazi ya turbo yo mu bwoko bwa turbo.Kuzunguruka kuzunguruka mu gucukura amazi ya centrifuge hamwe no guhagarika umutima byatewe ningoma izunguruka hamwe bitanga umusaruro wuzuye, bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumyuka ya static ya santimetike muri centrifuge, kandi ikamenya gutandukana-amazi akomeye, kugirango amazi yubusa hagati ya floc ibice nigice cyamazi ya intermolecular itandukanijwe na centrifugation.Nyuma yo gutandukana gukomeye-amazi, ingano yanduye (sludge) iragabanuka, ingano iragabanuka cyane, kandi ikiguzi cyo kuvura kitagira ingaruka cyikubye kabiri.
4. Kujugunya ibyondo biva mu bucukuzi bwo hanze
(1) Gutunganya ibyondo bishingiye ku mazi
(2) Kuvura ibyondo bishingiye ku mavuta
Gutunganya ibyondo bitavura
(1) Igice cyo gukusanya.Imyanda yo gucukura imyanda yinjira muri convoyeur ikoresheje ibikoresho bikomeye byo kugenzura, hanyuma amazi akongerwamo amazi yo kuvanga no kuvanga.
(2) Igice cyo gutandukanya ibintu bikomeye.Kugirango ugabanye amazi hamwe n’ibyuka bya cake yicyondo, ni ngombwa kongeramo imiti yo kuvura no gukurura inshuro nyinshi no gukaraba.
(3) Igice cyo gutunganya amazi mabi.Ibirimo ibintu byahagaritswe mumazi bitandukanijwe na centrifugation ni byinshi.Ibintu byahagaritswe mumazi bivanwaho binyuze mumyuka yo mu kirere no kuyungurura kugirango bigabanye ibinyabuzima biri mumazi y’amazi, hanyuma byinjire muri sisitemu ya osmose kugirango bivurwe.